find the error(if any) in the following code and write the corrected code and underline it:

Def sum(a,b):
	returna+b
print "the sum=" sum(7,-1)

sol 
def sum(a,b): 			#first letter of def keyword is written capital 
     return a+b 		# there should be gap between return keyword and a+b
print("the sum=",sum(7,-1)) #missing () in the print function and , is also missing after the text
#--------------------------------

Consider the following function calls with respect to the function definition.
Identify which of these will cause an error and why?

def calculate(a,b=5,c=10):
	return a*b-c

i) calculate(12,3)#no error
ii) calculate(c=50,35)#we should have to specify the value to all the parameters .corrected calling is 
	calculate(c=50,a=35,b=12)
iii) calculate(20, b=7, a=15)#name c is missing . corrected code: calculate(c=20, b=7, a=15)
iv) calculate(x=10,b=12)#name x is not mentioned in the function parameter . corrected code: calculate(c=10, b=12, a=15)
#--------------------------------

find and write the output of the following python code:
(a)
def change(p,q=20):
	p=p+q  #40+100=140
	q=p-q  #140-100=40
	print(p,'#',q)#140 # 40
	return(p)
	r=150
s=100
r=40
r=change(r,s)
print(r,'#',s)
s=change(s)

(b)
def callme(n1=1,n2=2):
	n1=n1*n2
	n2+=2
	print(n1,n2)

callme()
callme(2,1)
callme(3)

(c)
def show(x,y=2):
	print(ord(x)+y)
show('A')
show('B',3)

(d)
def upgrade(a,b=2):
	a=a+b
	print(a+b)
i,j=10,20
upgrade(i,5)
upgrade(i)

(e)
def func(a,b=5,c=10):
	print(“a:”,a,” b:”,b, “ c:”,c)
func(3,7)
func(25,c=24)
func(c=50, a=100)

(f)
x=1
def cg():
	global x
	x=x+1
cg()
print(x)

(g)
def wish(message, num=1):
	print(message * num)
wish(‘Good’,2)
wish(“Morning”)
#--------------------------------

Q4. Identify the type one or more types of arguments in the following codes: 
a) 
def sum(a=4,b=6): 
	return a+b
print (sum( ))#default
b) 
def sum(a=1,b):
	return a+b
print(sum(b=20, a=5 ))#keyword
c) 
def sum(*n): 
	for i in n:
		total+=I
	return total
print (sum(4,3,2,1,7,8,9))#positional

d) 
def sum(a=1,b):
	return a+b
print(sum(10,20))#positional 

#--------------------------------
What do you understand by local and global scope of variables?HOw can you access a global variable inside the function,if function has a variable with same name.
ans- those variable which r defined inside the function or in the parameter-local variable
those variable which r defined outside the function are called global variable
x=1
def cg():
	global x
	x=3
	x=x+1
	print(x)
cg()
print(x)
#--------------------------------

consider the following function headers. identify the correct statement:-
(i)def correct(a=1,b=2,c):
(ii) def correct(a=1,b,c=3):
(iii) def correct(a=1,b=2,c=3): #correct 
(iv) def correct(a=1,b,c):

#--------------------------------
Create a function in Python to calculate and return Area of rectangle when user
enters length and breadth.
sol
def arearect(l,b):
	return l*b
a=int(input("enter length"))
b=int(input("enter breadth"))
arearect(a,b)
#-------------------------------
Give the basic structure of user defined function.
sol
def funtionname(parameters name):
	statement of the function

function_calling(arguments)
#--------------------------------
Write the features of a module.
Ans: - 1) Modules can be reused in other programmes
2) It is independent group of code and data

#--------------------------------
What is module in Python?
Ans: - A module is a file with .py extension that contains variables, class definitions,
statements and functions related to a particular task.

#--------------------------------

Create a package Arithmetic Operations(named AO) contain sum, product and difference of two numbers and use it in your main programme.

Ans: - 

#--------------------------------

What is Libraries in Python and How many types of main library use in Python?
Ans: -A Library is a collection of modules that together caters to specific types of needs
or applications. Like NumPy library of Python caters to scientific computing needs.

#--------------------------------

How we can import library in Python program?
Ans: - We can import a library in python program with the help of import command.
Eg: - 
import random
import mysql.connector as ms

#--------------------------------

What is scope of a variable?
Ans: - Part of program within which a name is legal and accessible is called scope of the variable.

#--------------------------------

Explain two types of variable scope with example.
Ans – Global Scope – A name declared in top level segment of a program is said to have global scope
and it is accessible inside whole programme.
Local Scope – A name declared in a function body is said to have local scope and it can be used only within this function.
A=0 		# global scope
def fun1():
	B=0 	# local scope
	print(B)
print(A)

#--------------------------------

Write a small python function that receive two numbers and return their sum, product, difference
and multiplication and modulo division.
def ADD(X,Y):
	return (X+Y)
def PRODUCT(X,Y):
	return(X*Y)
def DIFFERENCE(X,Y):
	return(X-Y)

#--------------------------------
Q what is a parameter
A parameter is data that you ask to be imputed into a function.
For example:
def fun(param):
In the code above,the function "fun" asks for a parameter called "param".
When we call the function like so:
fun(sample_param)
the data that we inputed "sample_param" is an argument.

#--------------------------------

Write a user defined function findname(name) where name is an argument in Python to
delete phone number from a dictionary phonebook on the basis of the name, where
name is the key.

sol
def findname(d):
    n=input("enter key which u want to delete")
    d.pop(n)
    print("dictionary after deletion",d)

d={}
n=int(input("enter how many elements u want to enter"))
for i in range(n):
    na=input("enter name")
    p=int(input("enter phone no"))
    d[na]=p
print(d)
findname(d)
#--------------------------------

Write definition of a Method MSEARCH(STATES) to display all the state names from a
list of STATES, which are starting with alphabet M. For example: If the list STATES
contains ["MP","UP","WB","TN","MH","MZ","DL","BH","RJ","HR"]
The following should get displayed MP MH MZ

def MSEARCH(STATES):
    for i in STATES:
        if(i[0]=='M'):
            print(i)

L=["MP","UP","WB","TN","MH","MZ","DL","BH","RJ","HR"]
MSEARCH(L)
#-------------------------------
State the use of global keyword. Give an example to illustrate its use. 
Q7. Write the types of user defined functions 
Q8. Write a program using user defined function to :
a) Check if a number entered by the user to check whether a number is in a given 
range or not. Range may be of programmer’s choice.
b) Calculate and display average of all the elements in a user defined tuple containing numbers.
c) Calculate sum of any 10 numbers using variable argument.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------

Kritika was asked to accept a list of even numbers but she did not put the relevant condition while
accepting the list. Write a user-defined function oddtoeven(L) that accepts the List L as an argument
and converts all the odd numbers into even by multiplying them by 2.
#--------------------------------

(a)Write a function that receives two numbers and generates a random number from that range and prints it.
import random
def fun(a,b):
	print(random.randint(a,b))

fun(3,6)
(b) Write a function that takes a positive integer and returns the ones position digit
of the integer. E.g. if the integer is 432, then the function should return 2.
def fun(a):
	r=a%10
	print(r)



(c) Write a program having a function that takes a number as argument and
calculates cube for it. The function does not return a value. If there is no return
value passed to the function in function call, the function should calculate cube
of 2.

def fun(n=2):
	print(n**3)

fun(3)
fun()
#--------------------------------

State the difference between: 

a) Formal parameters and actual parameters
b) Local variables and global variables
c) Immutable objects and mutable objects
ans (c)Means a mutable object can be changed after it is created, and  an immutable object can’t.

Mutable objects: list, dict, set, byte array
Immutable objects: int, float, complex, string, tuple, frozen set ,bytes